Uses

Labetalol is indicated for the management of hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, particularly thiazide and loop diuretics. Intravenous formulations are used for hypertensive emergencies.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in bronchial asthma, overt cardiac failure, greater-than-first-degree heart block, cardiogenic shock, severe bradycardia, conditions associated with severe and prolonged hypotension, and in patients with hypersensitivity to any component.

Side effects

Common adverse effects include dizziness, fatigue, nausea, nasal stuffiness, and ejaculatory failure. Bradycardia, postural hypotension, and bronchoconstriction may occur. Severe hepatocellular injury has been reported rarely.

Warnings

Severe hepatocellular injury, including fatal cases, has been reported with labetalol; monitor liver function and discontinue at first sign of liver dysfunction. Avoid abrupt withdrawal which may precipitate angina or myocardial infarction. Use with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

How it works

Labetalol combines selective competitive alpha-1 adrenergic blockade with non-selective competitive beta-adrenergic blockade in a single molecule. This dual mechanism reduces peripheral vascular resistance (via alpha blockade) and heart rate and contractility (via beta blockade), lowering blood pressure with less reflex tachycardia than pure alpha blockers.

Storage

Store at controlled room temperature, typically 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F), protected from light and moisture.