Uses

Indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms of menopause, vulvar and vaginal atrophy due to menopause, and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Also used in female hypogonadism and as hormone replacement therapy.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding, known or suspected breast cancer or estrogen-dependent neoplasms, active or history of thromboembolic disorders, active arterial thromboembolic disease, liver dysfunction, and pregnancy.

Side effects

Common side effects include breast tenderness, nausea, bloating, headache, and irregular vaginal bleeding. Serious risks include increased incidence of endometrial cancer (without progestogen), venous thromboembolism, and breast cancer with long-term use.

Warnings

Estrogen-only therapy increases the risk of endometrial cancer in women with intact uterus; concomitant progestogen is recommended. Associated with increased risks of stroke, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and possibly breast cancer. Risk-benefit assessment required before initiation.

How it works

Estradiol is the principal endogenous human estrogen. It binds to nuclear estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and regulates gene transcription involved in the development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues, bone density, cardiovascular function, and CNS activity.

Storage

Store at controlled room temperature below 25°C. Keep away from moisture and direct light.