Uses

Gadodiamide is a gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent indicated for intravenous use to visualize lesions with abnormal vascularity in the brain, spine, and associated tissues. It also facilitates visualization of lesions with abnormal vascularity in the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities and the retroperitoneal space.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in patients with chronic severe kidney disease (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m²) or acute kidney injury due to the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Also contraindicated in patients with prior hypersensitivity to gadodiamide.

Side effects

Common adverse reactions include headache, nausea, and dizziness. Serious reactions include nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with renal impairment, hypersensitivity reactions, and acute renal failure. Gadolinium retention in body tissues, including the brain, has been reported with repeated use.

Warnings

Intrathecal administration is contraindicated and can cause serious neurological adverse events including death. Patients with renal impairment are at high risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis; screen all patients before administration. Use the lowest effective dose and avoid repeated doses when possible. Monitor for hypersensitivity reactions.

How it works

Gadodiamide is a non-ionic, linear gadolinium chelate that enhances MRI signal by shortening the T1 and T2 relaxation times of nearby water protons. It distributes in the extracellular space and is eliminated almost entirely by glomerular filtration. The paramagnetic effect improves tissue contrast in areas of disrupted blood-brain barrier or abnormal vascularity.

Storage

Protect from strong daylight and direct sunlight. Do not freeze; freezing may cause micro-cracks in vials that compromise sterility. Do not use if the solution is discolored or contains visible particles.