Uses

A fluoroquinolone antibiotic indicated for community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by susceptible organisms. Also has activity against atypical pathogens such as Chlamydia and Mycoplasma.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones, pre-existing QTc prolongation, uncorrected electrolyte disorders, and concurrent use of other QT-prolonging agents. Not recommended in children, pregnant or breastfeeding women, or patients with myasthenia gravis.

Side effects

Common side effects include photosensitivity reactions, nausea, diarrhea, headache, and dizziness. Prolongation of the QTc interval on ECG is a notable cardiac risk. Tendinopathy and tendon rupture have been reported with fluoroquinolones.

Warnings

Significant risk of QTc prolongation; avoid in patients with cardiac arrhythmias or those on QT-prolonging drugs. Patients should avoid sunlight and UV exposure during and for several days after treatment due to severe photosensitivity. Discontinue at first sign of tendon pain or central nervous system effects.

How it works

Sparfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication and transcription, leading to bacterial cell death. It has a broad spectrum covering gram-positive, gram-negative, and atypical bacteria.

Storage

Store at controlled room temperature, below 30°C, away from light and moisture.