Uses

Indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C, hairy cell leukemia, follicular lymphoma, melanoma, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, and condylomata acuminata. Also used as adjuvant therapy in high-risk melanoma following surgery.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to interferon alfa or any component, autoimmune hepatitis, decompensated hepatic disease, and severe pre-existing psychiatric conditions. Also contraindicated in neonates and infants due to benzyl alcohol content in some formulations.

Side effects

Flu-like syndrome (fever, chills, myalgia, fatigue) is very common, especially at initiation. Neuropsychiatric effects (depression, suicidal ideation), hematological suppression, hepatotoxicity, and autoimmune disorders may occur. Injection-site reactions are frequent.

Warnings

Monitor patients closely for neuropsychiatric symptoms, including depression and suicidal ideation. Regular monitoring of complete blood count, liver function tests, and thyroid function is required. Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or a history of psychiatric disorders.

How it works

Interferon alfa-2b is a recombinant cytokine that binds to cell surface receptors, activating intracellular signaling pathways that induce antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory effects. It enhances natural killer cell activity and promotes expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens.

Storage

Store at 2–8°C (36–46°F) in a refrigerator. Do not freeze. Protect from light. If stored at room temperature, use within the period specified in the prescribing information.