Uses

An aminoglycoside antibiotic primarily indicated as part of combination therapy for tuberculosis (including drug-resistant strains) and for serious infections caused by susceptible organisms, such as brucellosis, plague, tularemia, and infective endocarditis.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in patients with clinically significant hypersensitivity to streptomycin or other aminoglycosides (due to cross-sensitivity). Use with extreme caution in patients with renal impairment due to markedly increased risk of neurotoxicity.

Side effects

Common adverse effects include vestibular and cochlear ototoxicity (vertigo, hearing loss), paresthesia of the face, rash, fever, and urticaria. Serious effects include nephrotoxicity, peripheral neuritis, hemolytic anemia, and neuromuscular blockade.

Warnings

Risk of severe neurotoxic reactions is sharply increased in patients with renal impairment. Disturbances of vestibular and cochlear function, peripheral neuritis, and encephalopathy may occur. Monitor renal function, auditory function, and serum drug levels regularly. Use with caution in elderly patients and in pregnancy (risk of fetal ototoxicity).

How it works

Streptomycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. Following intramuscular injection, peak serum concentrations are reached within 1 hour. It is distributed to most body tissues but does not cross the blood-brain barrier significantly. It is excreted predominantly by glomerular filtration.

Storage

Store dry powder at controlled room temperature 20–25°C (68–77°F). Reconstituted solution should be used promptly.