Uses

Indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, combining the insulin secretagogue glipizide with the insulin sensitizer metformin.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in severe renal impairment (eGFR below 30 mL/min/1.73 m²), known hypersensitivity to either component, acute or chronic metabolic acidosis including diabetic ketoacidosis, and type 1 diabetes.

Side effects

Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting (mostly from metformin), and hypoglycemia (from glipizide). Rare but serious risk of lactic acidosis with metformin, particularly in renal impairment.

Warnings

Metformin-associated lactic acidosis, though rare, can be fatal. Risk increases with renal impairment, hepatic disease, congestive heart failure, and dehydration. Withhold before procedures using iodinated contrast media. Monitor renal function regularly.

How it works

Glipizide stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion via closure of beta-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal glucose absorption, and improves peripheral insulin sensitivity. Their complementary mechanisms provide additive glycemic control.

Storage

Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Dispense in a tight container.