Uses

The combination of glycopyrronium (long-acting muscarinic antagonist, LAMA) and indacaterol (long-acting beta-2 agonist, LABA) is indicated for maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Do not use if

Contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to either component. Not indicated for the treatment of acute bronchospasm or asthma as primary therapy. Use with caution in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma, urinary retention, or severe cardiovascular disorders.

Side effects

Common side effects include nasopharyngitis, headache, urinary tract infections, and dry mouth. Paradoxical bronchospasm, hypokalaemia, and cardiovascular effects such as palpitations and tachycardia may occur.

Warnings

Not for use as a rescue bronchodilator. Monitor for paradoxical bronchospasm. Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, convulsive disorders, thyrotoxicosis, or hypokalaemia.

How it works

Glycopyrronium is a LAMA that blocks muscarinic M3 receptors on airway smooth muscle, causing prolonged bronchodilation. Indacaterol is an ultra-LABA that stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors, relaxing bronchial smooth muscle. The two mechanisms are complementary and provide sustained 24-hour bronchodilation.

Storage

Store below 25°C. Keep the inhaler capsules in the original blister packaging and remove only immediately before use.