Uses

Indicated for the treatment of hypertension to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events such as stroke and myocardial infarction. The combination is used when monotherapy with either agent alone is insufficient.

Do not use if

Contraindicated in patients with a history of ACE inhibitor-related angioedema, hereditary or idiopathic angioedema, hypersensitivity to sulfonamides (for the thiazide component), anuria, and in pregnancy due to fetal toxicity risk.

Side effects

Common side effects include cough (from lisinopril), dizziness, headache, fatigue, and electrolyte disturbances such as hypokalemia (from hydrochlorothiazide). Angioedema, though rare, is a serious adverse effect of the ACE inhibitor component.

Warnings

Discontinue immediately upon detection of pregnancy due to risk of fetal injury and death. Monitor renal function and serum potassium regularly. The ACE inhibitor component carries a risk of angioedema, which may be life-threatening if it involves the larynx.

How it works

Lisinopril inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), reducing angiotensin II formation and aldosterone secretion, promoting vasodilation and sodium excretion. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that increases urinary sodium and water excretion. Together they produce complementary antihypertensive effects and counterbalance each other's electrolyte effects.

Storage

Store at controlled room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep in tightly closed containers as directed on the product labeling.